Descriptions, systematics and revisions of the subgenera Alveolina (Glomalveolina) Hottinger, 1960 and Alveolina (Alveolina) d’Orbigny, 1826 (Foraminiferida)

Yarpuz-Kaypak (Osmaniye) region, located in Amanos Mountains, contains harzburgitic tectonites and mafic cumulates. The tectonites are represented by serpantinized harzburgites, whereas the cumulates are characterized by gabbronorite and gabbro compositions. The crystallization order within the cumulates is clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene plagioclase and amphibole. The major element compositions of the tectonites and cumulate rocks are consistent with formation in an arc-related tectonic setting. Trace element concentrations of these rocks exhibit large ion litophile element enrichments. Both geochemical and petrographic evidence suggest that the tectonite and cumulate rocks from the Yarpuz-Kaypak (Osmaniye) region represent the remnants of an oceanic lithosphere that formed in a supra-subduction zone tectonic setting during the closure of the Southern Neotethyan ocean and emplaced onto the northern margin of the Arabian platform in Late Cretaceous. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.501393

Early–middle Miocene reefal limestones are overlain disconformably by late Serravallian– early Tortonian incised valley-fi ll deposits of Dağpazarı formation in the Mut Basin. Dağpazarı formation is composed of mudstone, siltstone, sandstone and conglomerates. Facies associations of the formation are: fl uvial, lagoon, shoal-water delta, shoreface, beach and barrier island deposits. Loxoconcha tumida Brady and Loxoconcha sp. in the gray mudstones indicate the freshwater infl uence and decrease in salinity. Hemicyprideis sp. documents brackish water conditions. The shoreface sandstones alternating with the lagoonal mudstones, and oyster-rich beach deposits in different levels of the sequence indicate episodes of marine connections. The age of the Dağpazarı formation is provided by the planktonic foraminifera from the marine mudstones and marls below and above the formation, and corresponds to the MMi8–MMi10 biostratigraphic interval, which spans the late Serravallian–early Tortonian. Late Serravallian eustatic sea-level fall caused to the quick shallowing of the Mut Basin and subaerial exposure of the reefal limestones at the basin margin. Thus, the incised valley, formed upon the reefal limestones of the Mut formation. This incised valley refl ects a regional forced regression and unconformity. The Dağpazarı formation was deposited within this incised valley following an early Tortonian relative sea-level rise. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.501543

In this study, simulation aided design of grinding circuit for a gold mine in Iran is presented. The main parameters for the design of the grinding circuit are the ore specifications and the considered operating conditions. Ore specifications were characterized by grinding tests, which included the Drop – weigh test (A, b), the abrasion test (ta) and the Bond Work Index test (Wi). For this study, the operating conditions for the processing plant are the ability to process clayey minerals and the plant throughput and the d80 of the hydrocyclone overflow (leaching tank feed), which are 125 tons per hour and 45 μm, respectively. Simulation operations were performed using grinding parameters (A, b, ta, Wi), operating constraints (plant capacity, d80 of the hydrocyclone overflow and ability to work for clayey minerals), existing mathematical models for different types of crushers, mills and separators and JKSimMet software. By completing the simulation process, three different alternatives for the grinding circuit of the considered ore were predicted. These three alternatives have been compared and evaluated with each other in terms of specific energy consumption (kWh/t), sensitivity to operational variables and the ability to process clayey minerals. The optimal circuit must have the capability to process clayey minerals and must have the lowest specific energy consumption and the least sensitivity to operational variables. By considering all these factors, the Alternative 3 is selected and suggested for an efficient grinding circuit. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.501432